Backend Structure

Below is the project structure:

src
├── main
│   ├── java
│   │   └── com.bootcamp.spring
│   │       ├── controller
│   │       │   ├── HealthController.java
│   │       │   └── ProdutoController.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── dto
│   │       │   ├── ProdutoRequestDTO.java
│   │       │   └── ProdutoResponseDTO.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── exception
│   │       │   ├── GlobalExceptionHandler.java
│   │       │   ├── ProdutoNotFoundException.java
│   │       │   └── ProdutoValidationException.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── mapper
│   │       │   └── ProdutoMapper.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── model
│   │       │   └── Produto.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── repository
│   │       │   └── ProdutoRepository.java
│   │       │
│   │       ├── service
│   │       │   ├── ProdutoService.java
│   │       │   ├── ProdutoValidationService.java
│   │       │   └── impl
│   │       │       ├── ProdutoServiceImpl.java
│   │       │       └── ProdutoValidationServiceImpl.java
│   │       │
│   │       └── Application.java
│   │
│   └── resources
│       └── application.properties
│
├── test
│   └── java
│       └── com.bootcamp.spring
│           └── ApplicationTests.java
│
└── HELP.md
└── README.md
└── mvnw
└── mvnw.cmd
└── pom.xml

Controller - Presentation Layer

Responsibility: Manage HTTP requests and responses

Main Features:

• Global automatic validations with Bean Validation.
• Swagger documentation on all endpoints.
• Standardized HTTP responses (200, 201, 400, 404, 500).

Service - Business Layer

Responsibility: Implement business rules and validations

Main Features:

• Business validations (positive price, mandatory name).
• Specific exception handling.
• Separation of responsibilities with interfaces.
• Dependency injection with Spring.

Repository - Persistence Layer

Responsibility: Manage database operations

Main Features:

• JPA Repository with standard methods.
• Custom queries when necessary.
• Spring-managed automatic transactions.
• Hibernate cache and optimizations.

DTOs - Data Transfer Objects

Responsibility: Define input and output contracts

Main Features:

• Bean Validation (@NotBlank, @Positive).
• Automatic JSON serialization.
• Separation of concerns (entity vs API).
• Automatic Swagger documentation.

Model - Database Entities

Responsibility: Define data structure

Main Features:

• JPA annotations (@Entity, @Id, @GeneratedValue).
• Relationships (when necessary).
• Database indexes and constraints.
• Lifecycle callbacks (@PrePersist, @PreUpdate).

Mapper - Data Conversions

Responsibility: Convert between Entity and DTO

Main Features:

• Bidirectional mapping (request → entity, entity → response).
• Manual conversions for specific cases.
• Reusable across the application.

Exception - Error Handling

Responsibility: Manage exceptions centrally

Main Features:

• Standardized responses with ErrorResponse.
• Automatic error logging.
• Different HTTP statuses by error type.
• Swagger documentation for errors.